The Many Types of Pronouns
Pronouns.[1]
- Nominative case for the Subject pronouns
- Accusative case for the Direct object pronouns
- Dative case for the Indirect object pronouns]
| Yo (I) | Nosotros,-as (we) |
| Tú (thou) | Vosotros,-as (you) |
| Él (he, or it, m.) | Ellos,-as (they) |
| Ella (she, or it, f.) | Ello (neuter), |
| (it, referring to a | |
| whole statement) |
Instead of "Tú" or "Vosotros,-as," V. and Vs. are used in general
conversation as already stated (the verb following in the 3rd person).
These pronouns are left understood when no emphasis is required or
where no ambiguity is possible, as:
- (Yo) compro las telas: I buy the cloths.
(Él) gira las letras y firma las cartas: He draws the bills and signs the letters.
(Ella) ha tenido una entrevista con su abogado: She has had an interview with her barrister, lawyer or solicitor.
But--
- Yo he comprado la partida de ferretería y quincalla y no V.: I have
bought the lot of ironware and small ware and not you.
| Mí (me) | Nosotros-as (us) |
| Tí (thee) | Vosotros-as (you) |
| Él (him, it, m.) | Ellos-as (them) |
| Ella (her, it, f.) | Ello (neuter) (it, referring to a whole statement) |
| V. (you, sing.) | Vs. (you, pl.) |
Examples:
Ellos hablan de mí: They speak of me.
Nosotros trabajamos para él: We work for him.
Ella confía en tí, en V.: She trusts thee, you.
V. se declara contra ellos: You declare against them.
| Él me[2] ama | he loves me |
| Él nos ama | he loves us |
| Él te ama | he loves thee |
| Él os ama | he loves you |
| Él lo or le ama | he loves him, it, m. |
| Él los ama | he loves them,m. |
| Él la ama | he loves her, or it, f. |
| Él las ama | he loves them, f. |
Examples
| Él me da | he gives me (to me) |
| Él te da | he gives thee (to thee) |
| Él le da | he gives him (to him), her (to her), it (to it) |
| Él nos da | he gives us (to us) |
| Él os da | he gives you (to you) |
| Él les da | he gives them (to them, m. and f.) |
the same for both direct and indirect objects, but the 3rd pers.
differs.]
pronoun in the Disjunctive form preceded by á, as:
| á mí | me or to me | direct and indirect object |
| á tí | thee or to thee | direct and indirect object |
| á él | him or to him, | direct and indirect object |
| it (m.) or | direct and indirect object | |
| to it (m.) | direct and indirect object | |
| á ella | her or to her, | direct and indirect object |
| it (f.) or | direct and indirect object | |
| to it (f.) | direct and indirect object | |
| á nosotros-as | us or to us | direct and indirect object |
| á vosotros-as | you or to you | direct and indirect object |
| á ellos | them or | direct and indirect object |
| to them (m.) | direct and indirect object | |
| á ellas | them or | direct and indirect object |
| to them (f.) | direct and indirect object |
We have then a double form for the pronouns used as direct and indirect object of verb--one Conjunctive, the other Disjunctive.
The Conjunctive form is that in general use.
The Disjunctive form is employed when emphasis or distinctness is required. It is seldom used alone,[3] Spaniards preferring to use it as a repetition after having used the Conjunctive form, as:
Él me ama á mí: He loves me.
Él nos vende á nosotros géneros estampados y á V. géneros de fantasía.
He sells to us printed cloth and to you fancies.
Yo le quiero ver á él y no á ella:
I wish to see him and not her.
Déle V. el dinero á él y los libros á ella.
Give him the money and her the books.
Dé V. el dinero á él y los libros á ella.
Give him the money and her the books.
him more than me), "me pagarán" is understood after que.
Popular Phrase: domir | Spanish Games | Conjugated Verb: computar - to compute [ click for full conjugation ]